Pyrrolidine, also known as tetrahydropyrrole, is a saturated five-membered heterocyclic ring, which is miscible with water. Pyrrolidine exists in many alkaloids and drug molecules, such as kappa opioids, antagonists of dopamine D4 receptors, and HIV reverse transcriptase inhibitors.
Cyclohexane is an organic compound with a chemical formula C6H12. It is a colorless liquid with a pungent odor, insoluble in water, and soluble in most organic solvents such as ethanol, ether, benzene, and acetone. Cyclohexyl fragments are a common structure in both natural and synthetic drugs. It can be used as both core structure and part of achiral side chain.
Pyrrolines, also called dihydropyrroles, are obtained from aromatic pyrroles by hydrogenation. 1-pyrroline is a cyclic imine, while 2-pyrroline and 3-pyrroline are cyclic amines.
The ADC linker is one of the three main components of antibody drug conjugates (ADCs), linking the antibody to the effective drug (payload) through chemical bonds. ADC linkers play a key role in determining the overall success of antibody drug conjugates. One of the major challenges in developing safe and effective ADC drugs is to assemble an ideal chemical linker between the cytotoxic payload and the mAb. Well-designed ADC linkers can help the selective delivery of antibodies at the tumor site and the accurate release of cytotoxic drugs.
Thiol-maleimide is a bifunctional chemical compound that is commonly used in bioconjugation reactions to crosslink two molecules via the thiol (-SH) groups.