Quinazolines belong to heterocyclic chemistry, also known as 1,3-naphthalenes. The backbone consists of two six-membered aromatic rings fused to each other, with two nitrogen atoms at positions 1 and 3 on the backbone. The presence of these two nitrogen atoms in quinazoline increases its importance in pharmaceutical and biological reactions. Quinazolines and their derivatives are among the most important heterocyclic compounds due to their diverse chemical reactivity and important range of biological activities.
Pyrrolidine, also known as tetrahydropyrrole, is a saturated five-membered heterocyclic ring, which is miscible with water. Pyrrolidine exists in many alkaloids and drug molecules, such as kappa opioids, antagonists of dopamine D4 receptors, and HIV reverse transcriptase inhibitors.
The molecular structure of cyclobutane has four carbon atoms, and its four carbon atoms are not in the same plane, which is the folded conformation of cyclobutane. Cyclobutane itself is not of commercial or biological interest, but more complex derivatives are important in biology and biotechnology. Currently, nine FDA-approved drugs contain the cyclobutane structure. From the perspective of therapeutic areas, cyclobutyl drugs are mainly distributed in popular areas such as tumors, neurological diseases, infectious diseases, endocrine and metabolic diseases.
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